FAMILY ADVANCED AQUATIC SAFETY CHECKLIST
*Please be sure to check back as this list is updated when new techniques and technologies become available.
Click on any of the items listed to jump to the detailed description for that item.
POOLS
1. PERMANENT FENCE
2. gate / self latch
3. shake test
4. climb test/psy. of failure
5. preposition test
6. jets aimed, in-floor jets
7. no waterfalls due to noise
8. no auto vacuums
9. water level at upper limit
10. electrical connections and issues
11. pool light
12. portable phone
13. security lights / landscape lights
14. aux. patio/backyard, extensions
15. deck clean and clear
16. chemical storage-dry storage
17. toy storage away/isolated
18. alarms
19. furniture inside
20. shrubs/trees cut back
21. patio movable objects (grill) secured
22. no "hide and seek" games
23. view from all points inside home
24. high-water line devices
25. no diving boards, slides, swings, ropes
26. baby-sitter checks-swim, dive to retrieve, 911 directions, literate phone
check, FIRST AID LITERATE
27. no riding toys inside pool fence
28. doors leading to pool locked/alarmed
29. under 18 mo. sinking toys over 18 mo. float toys
30. no rings or "dive for" toys
31. WATCH THE WEATHER http://www.lightningsafety.noaa.gov/
32. filter area isolated ( Cl vs Bromine, rapid sand, cartridge, D.E. )
33. no playing with pool tools
34. NO RUNNING rules taught by example
35. no glass containers
36. One On One EYES ONLY SEGMENTED
supervision
37. spine board
38. phone nearby / portable / cellular
39. minimize sources of interference
40. demonstrate skills before play see http://www.cpsc.gov/cpscpub/pubs/chdrown.html
HOT TUBS
41. 100 degrees maximum
42. check temperature first
43. calm water, no jets
44. 10 minutes maximum
45. no bubbles
46. no total submersion
47. do not allow skill practice
48. isolate hot tub controls (jet button)
49. dome grate on exhaust port
BATH TUBS
50. 100 degrees max on water heater
51. check temperature first
52. no nearby electricals
53. pad the spigot
54. tighten the temperature controls
55. lightening check
56. towel/rug at side/no slip
57. slip strips
58. portable phone
59. no chokable toys or food
DOCKS
60. chain link/slats +- water line
61. no exposed nails, screws or loose planks (keep repaired)
62. clean out old fishing line, loose ropes,
63. boat tie ups: springer lines, anchor- outs, mooring buoys, mooring whips
64. night lights
65. alarm horn
66. whistle, bell, dive mask in dock box
67. cellular phone and holder
68. hook, rope, ladder, throw ring
69. paint a “go no further line”, install a gate and alarm
70. check for bee hives, spiders, snakes
71. remove submerged debris
72. no dives from docks
73. no HELP unless needed, do not create the need for help during play
74. let Instructor know
NATURAL WATER (
property )
75. environmental hazards …
pathogens, mud, grasses
76. check and fill holes in roped areas
77. check for underwater debris
78. sand vs. mud in selected sites
79. low top tennis shoes loosely tied rock / aqua socks
80. cellular phone
81. let Instructor know
82. ROPE OFF SHALLOW AREA FOR CHILDREN IF POSSIBLE
TRIPS TO THE BEACH
83. bright colors (consistent)
84. sun protection
85. eye protection
86. picture of child in the suit used today
87. cellular phone and roam #
88. surf / safety line
89. no further than 10 feet away rule
90. attached balloon (over head waves)
91. check with guard re local conditions
92. let Instructor know
BOATS
93. West Marine catalog 1-800-538-0775 http://www.westmarine.com/safety.html
SAIL BOATS
94. safety
nets
95. tether
96. harness
97. EPIRB-offshore cruising
98. LIFE drift line / throw ring
99. Life jackets for over 30 pounds http://www.sospenders.com/
100. rigging knife handy
MOTOR BOATS
101. no bow riding, use a boat seat
102. tow, ski, all fall rule
103. equal tow rope lengths
104. check prop before startup
105. off / on check, on before startup
106. everyone counts to 10 during blower
107. ski jacket vs. life jacket
108. ski/knee board helmet 10 MPH MAX +6YRS OLD
109. no movement while underway
110. MARINE RADIO OR CELLULAR PHONE
MISCELLANEOUS
111. DO NOT USE 5 GALLON BUCKETS, http://www.cpsc.gov/cpscpub/pubs/5006.html
112. drill holes in buckets before recycle
113. secure top of ice chest / cooler
114. lock toilet lids
115. gravel in bottom of play pools and filter or water turn over
THE RULES:
1. You are the C.E.O. Constant Eyes On adult supervision
2. Teach ALL the rules by your example.
3. Pool / Lake / Beach / Boat / EVERYWHERE
The three lines of YOUR
RESOURCES are:
1.
Segmented Active Supervision
2.
Fencing, permanent and alarmed
3.
Survival Swimming, and check skills prior to all water recreation
Details for the above listed items
POOLS
1. You must have a permanent pool fence- pools are permanent liabilities. Why would you ever remove a temporary fence from the pool area?
2. Use gates (self latch) with a hard spring that require two-handed operation to open and will shut and latch by itself.
3. Shake Test- with both hands periodically shake every part of your pool fence and gate.
4. Do not allow your child to try to climb the fence, EVER. The idea of failure and exhaustion at early attempts will be modified as cognitive and physical skills become greater with age. Once they figure out how to climb it, they will and will likely show other children too.
5. Think of every preposition (about, above, across, between, under etc.) and assess your pool area and pool fence from those perspectives and your child’s.
6. In existing pools, aim jets to create a favorable flow for survival. New pools should have in-floor jets. Use PVC to make an artificial edge if necessary.
7. Waterfalls in pool areas should be discouraged . They create a noise level that will compete with a small cry for help.
8. Automatic vacuums create an interesting, visual toy that can attract small children to the edge. The child could fall in and become entangled in the lines.
9. As much as possible, keep the water level in the typical backyard pool at the uppermost point.
10. All electrical outlets and accessories must be grounded and...
11. Pool lights need to be regularly inspected and serviced by qualified professionals only.
12. Do not plug in the base for your portable phone by the pool (see #38).
13. Use of lawn lights at night will discourage pranksters and trespassers who could drown in your pool. Have these professionally installed because rainwater can saturate your lawn, and electrical shocks are possible (because the pool is not grounded).
14. Use of extension cords around pools is extremely dangerous. Do not use them.
15. Keep the deck clean and clear of debris or obstacles that could cause a fall or impair your vision of the pool area.
16. All chemicals should be stored away from the pool area in an air tight and locked receptacle.
17. Outdoor toys should be stored in an area that is isolated from the pool.
18. Alarms should indicate that someone is in the pool area. We have not found one good, reliable pool alarm to alert you when someone is in the water. DO NOT USE THEM unless you simultaneous use others to provide backups.
19. Keep all patio furniture inside of the pool fence. Or arrange it such that it cannot be moved.
20. Keep overhanging trees and shrubs away from the pool fence as they can become a ladder to access the pool.
21. Secure all movable objects such as outdoor grills in the backyard area. Anything can be used as a ladder to scale the fence.
22. Do not encourage any game or activity around the water (including lakes and pools) that involves hiding objects or hiding children.
23. Arrange your home, house plants, shrubs and other landscaping such that the view of the pool is not obstructed from any line of sight.
24. Install devices such as PVC pipe or lines that can be easily reached at the edge of your pool if your water level to edge of the pool deck distance is more than 1/2 the length of your youngest child’s arm.
25. Do not allow the placement of a diving board, slide, swing or rope for/in a home pool. If they are in place already, remove them.
26. Make sure your baby-sitter can swim, swim to the bottom of your pool and retrieve a 10 pound weight, has written directions to your home for 911 purposes. Call from wherever you are or have a neighbor stop by to see if the door or phone is ever answered while your children are in the water unsupervised. Make sure the person watching your children is first aid trained.
27. Do not allow riding toys inside the pool fence area... EVER.
28. Make sure all doors leading to the pool area have locks and alarms to indicate passage. Check with your local fire department about such locks first.
29. Sinking pool toys should be promoted for children under 18 months. Floating pool toys should be promoted for children over 18 months.
30. Never use “dive-in-for-toys” such as “rings” or “dive sticks”. Diving in shallow water has caused too many head/neck injuries that have lead to paralysis or death.
31. Always keep an eye and ear out for thunder/lightning storms. The National Weather Service has some excellent educational materials dealing with severe weather. http://www.lightningsafety.noaa.gov/
32. Make sure that the filter area and equipment cannot be directly accessed by your children. Bromine is safer to handle than chlorine. Rapid sand filters are good for organic waste treatment; fine mesh cartridge filters are next best; but diatomaceous earth filtration is the best. In the future, the ozone filtration systems will be priced such that their use will be widespread. They are the ultimate in water purification.
33. Do not allow anyone to play with the tools or life-saving devices in place by your pool.
34. Teach all pool rules by your example of adhering to them consistently.
35. Allow no glass containers around the pool deck area.
36. Allow only your eyes by direct line of sight to supervise your child in the water; your ears will not hear him fall in while you are inside “for just a second."
37. A spine board is a recommended item to have with your first aid kit if you have a small child.
38. Education, knowledge, thinking and following THE PLAN are the best FACTORS present at an injury-related emergency. The best THINGS to have are Telephones; portable land-lines are best by the pool because 911 can find the source address of that phone… a baby sitter or a visiting relative in a panic might not remember your address (7 cases we know about as of 2007)
39. Do not allow play or any aquatic activity that can diminish your child’s hard earned aquatic survival skills. It is easier to say no to a float ring than it is to do CPR.
40. Before you play with your child in the water or allow it, have him or her demonstrate at least a rollback-to -float position first.
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HOT TUBS
41. As a maximum, 100 F. is safer for small children, low 90's F is better (in either case, no longer than 10 minutes).
42. Always check the temperature first with YOUR HAND before entering.
43. It is best to have children in the tub when there is no turbulence created by the jets.
44. Since you cannot assess fatigue because the water is above 88 F., you must set a 10 minute maximum. If the face turns red, nausea or dizziness is noticed, take the child out immediately and apply cool water to the buttocks and forehead with a saturated towel.
45. Bubbles in a hot tub drastically reduce the visibility and make the water too interesting not to investigate... further and further.
46. Exposing the ears, eyes and face of a young child to very warm water is not a good idea. They can vomit immediately and have other adverse reactions.
47. Never allow a child to practice swimming or floating skills in a hot tub. Children should not go in “public” hot tubs, nor should you.
48. Find a way to prevent children from manipulating the controls for the hot tub. Once they find out how to activate it and the jets, they will, whether you are there or not. It is like showing them how to start your car.
49. Make sure a dome grate exists on the hot tub exhaust port. Children have been “trapped” by the suction and had their intestines pulled out.
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BATH TUBS
50. Scalding burns from a faucet cannot occur if the hottest water coming out of the spigot cannot burn you.
51. ALWAYS, ALWAYS check the temperature first, particularly when you are at a hotel or visiting and giving your child a bath in a different tub..
52. Allow absolutely no electrical appliances near the tub, hot tub, wash basin etc. Hair dryers are responsible for several electrocutions each year.
53. Purchase a spigot pad for the tub. Little bodies slip and fall easily and can be injured on the spigot.
54. If you tighten the controls, the shower cannot be turned on you as you observe the bath time, and the risk of scalding is reduced.
55. Check outside for impending electrical storms. No house is “grounded” from a lightning strike. If you think yours is, visit http://www.lightningsafety.noaa.gov/ !!
56. Put a towel or rug up next to the tub to provide safer footing for you and the child.
57. Attach " no slip strips" to the bottom of the tub and regularly used areas of the bathroom, particularly if the bathroom floor is tiled.
58. Take the portable phone with you into the bathroom. Use it there for emergency calls only during bath time.
59. Do not allow any tub toys or parts of toys that could be swallowed or choked on in the bathroom area.
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DOCKS
60. Attach chain link strips to the dock pilings and allow for tides, wind and other depth fluctuations. This provides a hand hold/ladder out of the river, canal, lake or other body of water where the dock is placed. If local laws prohibit this, use doweling, PVC pipe or wooden slats to accomplish the same effect.
61. Keep the dock in repair such that tripping is less likely, or an injury will occur on the dock that could result in a fall into the water.
62. Keep old fishing lines, unused ropes and other discarded items free from under the dock. Getting tangled in these is like trying to swim through a drift net.
63. Secure your boat on the dock with a safe system of davits, springer lines or anchor outs. Try not to tie the boat up to the dock. Such a tie-up could attract a small child onto the boat from the dock which is a very dangerous scenario.
64. Install powerful night lights on your dock to be used in night-search situations. Have other dock lights to discourage vandals and trespassers.
65. Install an alarm horn on your dock that is the loudest you can purchase. Alarm whistles and bells will also work but are better suited for areas where many docks are in close proximity. Teach the sound of it to your neighbors and learn theirs too. Never ignore a dog barking on a dock.
66. Secure a ventilated dock box on your dock. Inside, among other things, should be a dive mask to be used only for underwater search efforts.
67. The ever-present cellular phone... On a dock however, it needs a holder on a piling or needs to be attached to a chair on the dock. If you have to go into the water to rescue, will you remember to take it off first? What if you then need it to call 911 when you have the child back at the surface and back on the dock.
68. Have a hook, rope and throw ring attached to the dock such that these can be used at a moments notice. Teach and practice their use but do not allow unsupervised practice or play with these vital survival tools.
69. Paint a “go no further line” 2.5 feet in from all edges of the dock, hand holding ONLY between that line and the any edge of the dock, install a dock gate at the entrance of the dock that is armed with an alarm. This contrasting color paint is a clearly defined line … better than the verbal and vague … do not get too close to the edge…
70. Make periodic hive, nest and habitat checks for ants, wasps, bees, snakes, spiders, scorpions etc. on, under and around your dock. Getting stung or bitten while on a dock is even more dangerous than it might be normally. Relocate the hive, nest, insect or animal carefully. Do not use bug- sprays or other chemicals which will end up in the water. Inevitably, the pilings will absorb some and could create a lingering fire hazard.
71. Remove submerged debris from around the dock and check regularly for debris that may have floated in and sunk near your dock. If you are trapped underwater, you probably will not survive.
72. Do not allow diving off of the dock. It is simply not worth it given the risks.
73. Teach your children to not yell HELP or make any sort of cry for assistance unless it is needed. Do not play games that would encourage a child to yell HELP. A good rule is: if you yell HELP as a joke while you are in the water, you are OUT for a long time.
74. Let your ISR Instructor know you have a dock, and report any incident involving our student and the dock.
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NATURAL WATER ( property )
75. environmental hazards … pathogens, mud, grasses… check with local health officials about water and plant born pathogens near the shore line and in the shallows… there is an amoeba present in some lake shallows in Florida during the summer months that can be lethal
76. Check the bottom of all roped-off wading or swimming areas, and fill in the holes or mark the areas that cannot be filled in consistently due to currents or wave action.
77. Underwater debris near a shoreline that does not have a dock is more transient, and the wading/swimming area needs to be checked and cleared more often.
78. If the soil near the shoreline has a tendency to become muddy, you may want to clear an area and create a small sand bottom to provide more consistent footing near shore. Check with local environmental authorities before altering a shoreline as local laws and regulations may prohibit this modification.
79. Children in particular should wear shoes or the popular “rock socks” when wading in natural water. If shoes are worn, use low top tennis shoes and tie the laces loosely. If the foot gets trapped in the mud, the shoe will stay; and the foot will come out of it easily and safely.
80. The cellular phone is vital in most situations when your child is around water. It is even more important to have when the water has little or no visibility, when other things are swimming in it (that may or may not be friendly) and for a host of other reasons that may become apparent only if you do not have the cellular phone when you need it.
81. Let your ISR Instructor know if any incident occurs in your natural water area involving our student or former student.
82. Rope off a wading/swimming area beginning at the shore and extending out to a depth of your choice. Allow swimming off of the shore ONLY in this area by your children. It reduces where you might have to search, where they might be upon evading your home supervision.
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TRIPS TO THE BEACH
83. Dress your child in bright colors when going to the beach. Use a consistent bright color and style of swim suit so all family members have a consistent image of what we are looking for TODAY.
84. The most common cause of cancer in the United States made its appearance this morning. Protect your child from it, and teach children to protect themselves from it by your example. Cover up, block up and wear a hat.
85. Effective sun glasses not only protect from UV rays, but can keep some sand and other foreign objects out of the eyes. You should have polarized sun glasses so that glare off of the water does not impair your vision and, therefore, supervision.
86. Have a picture of your child in the consistent “beach suit” with you to show to the life guard or others who may be helping you search.
87. Your cellular phone is important at the beach. You may want to protect it from the salt spray by putting it in a plastic bag. You need 2 numbers here, the one for the central guard station and any roaming numbers you may need for that area if the cell is not covered by your carrier. Most beach cities and communities are 911 active. But, none are fully 911 enhanced everywhere at this time. Know your location points at the beach, there are not street numbers at the beach.
88. Attach a floating polymaterial line (like a ski tow rope) to a small anchor set out far enough from the shore such that the handle of the rope is onshore by a few feet. If the child is not holding onto your hand, he or she can hold onto the rope. When the waves break in the shallows, the small child can hold onto the rope for additional support and stability. Remember, the retreating waves pull sand out from under feet. If the feet are little, the sensation is frightening and the possibility of falling down is greater.
89. At the beach adopt and follow a rule for small children. The supervising adult is to be no further away than 10 feet.
90. Attach a balloon (it should be helium filled) to the back of small children's suits with a 4 foot string. Searching for your child who has fallen in the waves and is underwater and more waves and currents decrease your visibility through the surface waters as panic begins to set in can be facilitated if you simply go over to the balloon and follow the string down to your child. Keep in mind that if the waves are only 2 feet high and your child is waist deep, the waves are OVER HEAD from his perspective. Never pull on the string first in those situations; the string can break. NEVER let a balloon go, particularly at the beach. Sea turtles eat the broken balloon material (which looks like their food) and die.
91. When you first arrive at the beach, locate a guard tower (if this is a protected beach) and set up near it. Check with the guard about existing conditions such as rip currents, run outs, jelly fish etc. Introduce your child to the guard and make sure the guard sees the suit he or she has on.
92. Let your ISR Instructor know if you are going to the beach so that certain skills that are of greater benefit in rapidly moving, turbulent water with poor visibility, can be stabilized or practiced more during lessons
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BOATS
93. The West Marine catalog is something you already know about if you have a boat. It is a very complete catalog of marine and maritime/aquatic safety equipment. They include a consumer guide to a variety of products such as life jackets, report on their own test results and contain other important features. Call 800-538-0775 and request their catalog if you have a boat or water front property.
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SAIL BOATS
94. Safety nets that attach to the stanchion lines and the rail of the deck are a must when young children are on a sailboat.
95. Tether the child with a line that can be snapped and re-snapped to various safety rings as the child moves about.
96. The tether must be attached to a harness. Choose one that is comfortable for the child. Some models have an auto-inflating pouch that is activated when it gets wet. NEVER tether yourself to the child while onboard.
97. If you are going to cruise off-shore with a child , an EPIRB unit is a must. It sends an emergency distress signal to a satellite which relays the signal and your exact location to the authorities such that you can be assisted.
98. At anchor, put a line off of the stern whenever children are swimming around the boat. Currents and winds can sometimes come up unexpectedly and a life-drift line needs to be already in place. A throw ring with line attached also needs to be ready on board.
99. On small, fast sail boats like catamarans, a life jacket must be worn. A plastic foam-lined bicycle helmet is also a good idea so that a boom strike or fall does not cause incapacitating head injuries.
100. Let's say the tether line or his arm gets fouled in a line that controls a large sail. A sudden gust of wind rushes the sail out, and he is going with it now. The knife, if used quickly, can cut the line(s) free and prevent injury. Wear it on your belt or on your life jacket. ONE LAST THING ABOUT SAIL BOATS. THEY CANNOT BACKUP, STOP OR TURN AROUND FAST. IF EVERYONE JUMPS OVER TO HELP THE CHILD WHO FELL OVER-BOARD, THE BOAT WILL SAIL ALL BY ITSELF... AWAY.
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MOTOR BOATS
101. You will only need to see one child cut up by a propeller because he fell off of the front of the boat where he was sitting (bow riding) and the boat ran him over. These victims almost never survive ; so do not allow riding in the front on a bow rider while the boat is moving. BOAT SEATS DO NOT EXIST AS A COMMERCIAL PRODUCT, SO YOU WILL HAVE TO MAKE YOUR OWN. Take a car seat, attach inexpensive adult life jackets, plastic milk containers, boat fenders or other very buoyant materials to the front upper portions of the car seat. Put your child in the seat with a life jacket on, which will require major adjustment to the straps on the car seat. Take all of this into a pool and carefully test it for two factors. Will it float your child; and will it “right itself” such that if the entire unit went into the water, would your child be found in the boat seat floating upright with the chin at least 3 inches above the water line? Once you are satisfied with your placement of auxiliary flotation material and tests, this is strapped into a boat seat by a single web-strap with a quick- release buckle. Boat seats are needed because on even slight impact with a dock or by running over something in the water or with a rapid turn of the boat, children usually become flying object's. The best life jacket in the world will not protect his head from injury on impact with something in the boat. If you would not drive without child restraints, why would you drive your boat without them? In a boat, however, the entire unit needs to float and, upright.
102. When towing children and/or adults in pairs, use the rule that when one falls, everyone falls. It is easier to pick up 2 at the same location in the water than 2 who are 200 yards apart and both are injured. The one who let go of the tow rope might also be able to help the one who fell and, therefore, might be injured.
103. Never tow with unequal tow rope lengths. When the “short rope” falls, chances are great of a run-over accident.
104. Always check the prop before start up for line, vegetation, and people who may be approaching the boat unaware that you are leaving.
105. Account for everyone who should be on your boat BEFORE you start the engine.
106. Establish the routine for inboard and outdrive boats of “everyone count to ten aloud while the blower is on, 1,2,3,...”. Teach safety by your example; the earlier the safer.
107. Ski jackets are usually better than life jackets to use for children while towing them behind a boat.
108. Foam-lined ski helmets are a good idea. Head strikes from the ski, board, floating debris etc. are not that rare. DO NOT USE A BICYCLE HELMET HERE. Impact with the water can pull the edges of the bicycle helmet back, and the neck could be broken by the secured chin strap.
109. “When the boat is moving; you are not; sit down before we get started please.”
110. Either have a marine band radio with the channel 16 preset or a known local hailing frequency preset. Make sure all adults on board know how to operate the radio. OR, have a cellular phone with the numbers for marine patrol, 911 or other emergency numbers preset, and be sure everyone on board knows how to use the phone...ONE LAST THING ABOUT MOTOR BOATS, FIND OUT WHAT A DEAD MAN SWITCH IS, HAVE ONE INSTALLED, AND USE IT...ALWAYS. I used to know a man who did not.
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MISCELLANEOUS
111. The common five gallon buckets are death traps for young children. Many hardware stores now have the three gallon buckets available instead.
112. If you have the old five gallon buckets, drill a hole in the bottom of them before you recycle them. If you must use a five gallon bucket, use a lid on it with a hole in the lid for the brush or roller. (If you plan on using five gallon buckets, ask to see a picture that your ISR Instructor has.)
113. Toddlers can look into ice chests and coolers of a certain height. They enter head first, get trapped and drown. An elastic cord can keep it shut.
114. For the same reasons as the five gallon bucket problem, lock all toilet seat lids. Most good hardware stores have them; but if they do not, call 1 800 837 KIDS for a catalog. (However, we do not approve of the flotation devices or lifejackets they sell)
115. Put sand in the bottom of a playpool to prevent slipping. Either empty and refill as needed or filter the water. THIS IS STILL A POOL; SEGMENTED - EYES ON ONLY SUPERVISION IS STILL REQUIRED!!!!
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If you did all of these things in and around the water with your child, you would be superhuman. You do not need ALL of them, just the ones for your family’s aquatic safety.
This document may be copied and used for your PRIVATE USE ONLY. However, the organization of the information and the content represents the intellectual property of Harvey Barnett. For other uses of this information, contact Harvey Barnett at PO Box 5857 Winter Park, FL 32793-5857 PRIOR to any commercial or other uses of transmission by any means, mechanical or electronic.
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